As we know, Java is very famous because it has it's own qualities, own features and because of that reason Java is most widely used in the world. It is not attached with any particular hardware or operating system, It has it's own platform. Program developed in Java can be executed anywhere and on any system without any issues.
Let's see all the features one by one in detail.
1. Compiled and Interpreted
All computer languages are either compiled or interpreted but Java comes together both these approach thus making Java a two-stage system.
See the below diagram, it describe the working of Java compiler and interpreter.
In above diagram, we have our source code file Demo.java, first we will compile this file, for compilation we required Java compiler which is present on JDK (Java Development kit).
Now, write javac Demo.java command on CMD (Command Prompt - Windows machine), it will compile your code if everything is correct then it will generate Bytecode file otherwise it will shows compilation errors or exceptions.
After successfully compilation, we have to run or execute our program. For executing Java program write java Demo command on CMD.
Java Interpreter generate machine code that can be directly executed by machine that is running the Java program. If it is executed successfully it will display program output.
2. Platform Independent and portable
As we all know, Java is Platform Independent that means you can create any application in Java and that will run on any machine without any issues.
Bytecode which are generated from compiler can run on any machine which has the JVM and are secure because JVM itself check the code at runtime.
Java also supports the feature portability. So, your Java programs can be easily moved from one computer system to another and anywhere.
Java certifies portability in two ways. First way is, Java compiler generates the bytecode and that can be executed on any machine. Second way is, size of primitive datatypes are machine independent.
3. Object-oriented
Java is truly object-oriented language. In Java, almost everything is an Object. All program code and data exist in objects and classes.
Java comes with an extensive set of classes and they all are organize in packages that can be used in program by Inheritance.
The object model in Java is trouble-free and easy to enlarge.
4. Robust and Secure
Java is a most strong language which provides many securities to make certain reliable code. It is design as garbage collected language, which helps the programmers virtually from all memory management problems. Java also includes the concept of exception handling, which detain serious errors and reduces all kind of threat of crashing the system.
Security is an important feature of Java and this is the strong reason that programmer use this language for programming on Internet.
The absence of pointers in Java ensures that programs cannot get right of entry to memory location without proper approval.
5. Distributed
Java is called as Distributed language for construct applications on networks which can contribute both data and programs.
Java applications can open and access remote objects on Internet easily. That means multiple programmers at multiple remote locations to work together on single task.
6. Simple and small
Java is very small and simple language. Java does not use pointer and header files, goto statements, etc. It eliminates operator overloading and multiple inheritance.
7. Multithreaded and Interactive
Multithreaded means managing multiple tasks simultaneously. Java maintains multithreaded programs. That means we need not wait for the application to complete one task before starting next task. This feature is helpful for graphic applications.
8. High performance
Java performance is very extraordinary for an interpreted language, majorly due to the use of intermediate bytecode. Java architecture is also designed to reduce overheads during runtime.
The incorporation of multithreading improves the execution speed of program.
9. Dynamic and Extensible
Java is also dynamic language. Java is capable of dynamically linking in new class, libraries, methods and objects. Java can also establish the type of class through the query building it possible to either dynamically link or abort the program, depending on the reply.
Java program is support functions written in other language such as C and C++, known as native methods.
